Financial Review

Hat Trick

Sinclair Noe — February 9, 2017

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DOW + 118 = 20,172
SPX + 13 = 2307
NAS + 32 = 5715
RUT + 19 = 1378
10 Y + .05 = 2.40%
OIL + .71 = 53.05
GOLD – 12.40 = 1229.60

We have new record high closes for the Dow, S&P, and Nasdaq. It’s a hat trick.

The chief executives of several airlines, as well as executives from air cargo companies, were invited to a breakfast meeting at the White House this morning. Trump called the air-traffic control system “outdated” and he told the execs: “We have an obsolete plane system, we have obsolete trains, we have obsolete airports, we have bad roads. And we’re going to change all that.”

Trump also said: “We’re going to be announcing something I would say over the two or three weeks that will be phenomenal in terms of tax and developing our aviation infrastructure.” He gave no indication of what the announcement might entail. Presumably the “phenomenal” tax and infrastructure plan does not apply solely to the airline industry, and Wall Street lapped it up. He went on to say: “Lowering the overall tax burden on American business is big league.”

The rally had stagnated in recent days as investors sought details about Trump’s policy agenda. Financials, which have soared since the election, were the best-performing group, up 1.4 percent after three sessions of declines, while energy shares gained 0.9 percent. Those sectors stand to benefit should lower taxes spur economic activity as interest rates and the demand for energy would presumably rise.

After 18 months of courtship and court cases, two massive deals that would have reshaped the U.S. health insurance industry have both been declared dead. Anthem’s $48 billion deal to buy Cigna was blocked by a federal judge late Wednesday, weeks after another judge halted Aetna’s bid for Humana. Reasons given: The mergers would have led to less competition and higher prices for Americans.

Applications for unemployment benefits in the U.S. unexpectedly declined last week to an almost three-month low. Jobless claims fell by 12,000 to 234,000 in the week ended Feb. 4. The latest results extend a trend of historically low claims, with applications staying below 300,000 in the longest streak since 1970. A shortage of skilled workers is prompting companies to hold on to existing employees while continuing to add more workers to help fulfill demand.

The Senate has confirmed Jeff Sessions as attorney general largely along party lines. The 52-47 vote capped weeks of divisive battles over Sessions, an early supporter of President Trump. Next up is Representative Tom Price, Trump’s pick for health secretary and a staunch advocate of repealing Obamacare. A vote come could come later tonight.

Secretary of State Rex Tillerson met his Canadian counterpart for the first time on Wednesday for talks that touched on NAFTA, the trade agreement President Trump has pledged to renegotiate. The top US diplomat also met with Mexico’s foreign minister to discuss collaboration on law enforcement, migration and security, and agreed to visit the country in the coming weeks.

A US court of appeals is reviewing arguments on whether to reinstate the Trump administration’s temporary ban on immigration, with the outcome likely to be appealed to the Supreme Court.

Meanwhile, Trump’s first executive order, signed January 25, entitled: “Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements” resurrects some of the most controversial immigration enforcement programs of recent years, seeks to deputize state and local law enforcement as immigration officials across the country, and threatens major cuts to federal funding for cities that fail to fall in line with the administration’s vision.

Trump has called for the construction of new immigrant detention facilities along the U.S. border with Mexico – including through private contracts – as quickly as possible, and there have been requests for additional asylum officers at 2 for-profit Detention Centers in Arizona.

A Dallas federal judge has upheld the Labor Department’s fiduciary rule, dealing a setback to the financial industry’s attempts to kill the measure. But the legal move may not mean much for the regulation’s fate. Last Friday, President Trump issued a memorandum to study the rule’s impact and rescind or revise it if it isn’t consistent with his administration’s regulatory principles. A status report will be published on March 10.

Boeing won orders for 39 wide-body aircraft from Singapore Airlines; a deal worth about $14 billion, as Southeast Asia’s biggest long-distance carrier upgrades its fleet over the next decade with more fuel-efficient models to cut costs.  The airline agreed to buy 20 777-9s, which are set to debut at the decade’s end, and 19 787-10s, the longest Dreamliner model.

There’s a good chance you can’t get there from here. More than 2,700 flights were canceled and all public schools in New York City, Boston and Philadelphia will be closed today as the region braced for a winter storm that could dump a foot of snow or more.

President Trump has written a letter to China’s President Xi Jinping in his first direct communication with the leader of the world’s second-biggest economy since he took office. With currency wars threatening to raise their head again, China has managed to get the yuan exactly where it wants it.

The nation’s authorities have let the currency rise against the dollar, making it harder for the U.S. administration to accuse it of undervaluing the exchange rate, while at the same letting the yuan weaken against a trade-weighted basket of currencies.

Greece’s two-year bond yield climbed above 10 percent as negotiations to release further IMF funds remained deadlocked. The International Monetary Fund weighed in this week, publishing a long-awaited analysis of the challenges the Greek economy still faces. The report has been the focal point of heated disagreement between the fund and Europe in terms of what Greece needs to do to get back on track.

The fund has argued that, in addition to needed reforms, European governments must provide debt relief to Greece for the country’s economy to recover fully. Meanwhile, Astellon Capital, a hedge fund based in London, published analysis saying that some form of restructuring is essential for Italy, given the inability of the country’s economy to grow.

The Astellon report also notes that the E.C.B. and sickly Italian banks have been the main buyers of Italian government bonds over the past three years. Also, Mediobanca, the Italian investment bank published a report which highlights just how little Italy has benefited from being in the euro: Growth has been literally zero, and the economy’s competitiveness as an exporter has deteriorated.

Twitter reported fourth-quarter revenue was $717 million, missing the $740 million average analyst estimate. Sales growth of 1 percent slowed dramatically in the period from the 48 percent gain a year earlier. Twitter added 2 million new users, bringing the total number of people who log in monthly to 319 million. Twitter has had trouble persuading advertisers to spend more money on its social-media platform as fewer people join.

Coca-Cola offered up a flat earnings report. Excluding items, the company earned 37 cents per share, in line with estimates. Net operating revenue fell about 6 percent to $9.41 billion, the seventh straight drop, but slightly ahead of estimates. The company forecast 2017 adjusted earnings to fall 1-4 percent from 2016. Coca-Cola has been offloading much of its bottling business to cope with falling demand for carbonated beverages in North America. Coke said it was on track to complete re-franchising of its US bottling operations by the end of this year.

Whole Foods is shrinking its store count for the first time since the recession. After reporting disappointing earnings, the upscale grocer says it will close 9 stores; including one in Prescott.

With about 70 percent of the S&P 500 having reported results, fourth-quarter earnings are on track to have climbed 8.5 percent, which would be the best performance since the third quarter of 2014, according to Thomson Reuters.

Japan Has Dropped Back Into Deflation

Financial Review

Busy Day

Sinclair Noe — September 25, 2015

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DOW + 113 = 16,314
SPX – 0.9 = 1931
NAS – 47 = 4686
10 YR YLD + .05 = 2.17%
OIL + .64 = 45.55
GOLD – 7.70 = 1147.40
SILV – .05 = 15.20

For the week, the Dow was down 0.4 percent, the S&P 500 was down 1.4 percent and the Nasdaq was down 2.9 percent.

Yesterday afternoon we told you about Janet Yellen’s speech in Massachusetts; Federal Reserve Chairwoman Janet Yellen says that an initial rate hike is likely to be appropriate this year. Yellen said she expects inflation will return to 2% over the next few years as temporary factors currently holding it down will wane. Signs of weak growth overseas won’t prove large enough to have a significant impact on policy. Yellen said: “Most FOMC participants, including myself, currently anticipate…an initial increase in the federal funds rate later this year, followed by a gradual pace of tightening thereafter.”

Near the end of her speech, Yellen kind of froze up; she went silent for a while, stumbled over her words, and seemed to be having a hard time. After the speech paramedics checked her out and gave her a clean bill of health. Later attributed the incident to dehydration. She was back at work today.

This morning we heard reports House Speaker John Boehner would resign his position as Speaker of the House and his seat in Congress at the end of October. Boehner held a press conference to confirm. The abrupt decision comes after he faced heavy pressure from conservatives in his party to take a harder line on their causes. Boehner also told the lawmakers that Pope Francis’ visit to Congress the day before was a crystallizing moment.

Representative Kevin McCarthy of California, the No. 2 House Republican, quickly became the leading contender to replace Boehner as speaker. McCarthy has been loyal to Boehner during his frequent tussles with conservatives, but is also close to Tea Party conservatives and in recent months has tacked to the right. Boehner declined to endorse anyone as his successor, but told reporters McCarthy “would make an excellent speaker.”

Boehner told reporters he was stepping aside to avoid another brewing House battle over his leadership, but before he leaves, Boehner will have at least one big battle. With only a few days left until a possible government shutdown, Congress is in overdrive to keep federal funds flowing despite partisan divisions over Planned Parenthood. The issue has ignited the latest crisis in U.S. budget wars and has forced the Obama administration to prepare for a potential repeat of the 2013 shutdown, which lasted 16 days and suspended the salaries of 800,000 federal employees. Boehner’s resignation appeared to ease the threat of a government shutdown next week. Many Republicans said it would free him to forge ahead with a “clean” spending bill. At least that’s one theory; the other line of thought is that Boehner will find it increasingly difficult to herd cats as a lame duck. I’m sure he’ll make a fine lobbyist.

Next on the news docket:  Chinese president Xi Jingping is in Washington for an official state dinner at the White House. President Xi announced that China will start a national pollution-trading system to cut global-warming emissions for its most polluting industries. That’s in addition to previous Chinese commitments to bring its emissions to a peak by 2030 and radically scale up solar and wind power. China even promised $3.1 billion to help poorer countries move away from fossil fuels. The move should also add pressure for a global climate change accord in Paris this December. At a joint news conference with President Obama, Xi said there was no reason to expect China’s yuan currency to depreciate against the U.S. dollar over the long run, saying the exchange rate was “moving toward stability.”

Pope Francis is in New York today. He started the day with a speech before the United Nations General Assembly. Pope Francis strongly condemned the craving for material gains and power, telling world leaders gathered at the United Nations that greed is destroying the Earth’s resources and aggravating poverty. The spiritual leader of the world’s 1.2 billion Catholics condemned the “grave offense” of economic and social exclusion. An attack on the environment was an assault on the rights and living conditions of the most vulnerable, he said, warning that at its most extreme, environmental degradation threatened humanity’s survival. Then he led multi-religious prayer services at the 9/11 Memorial and Museum site, followed by a ride through Central Park in the Popemobile, a visit to a school in Harlem, and then a mass at Madison Square Garden. And you thought you had a busy Friday.

Gross domestic product — the value of everything a nation produces — rose at a 3.9% annual rate from April to June, according to the government’s second update of how fast the nation’s economy expanded during the spring. Previously the Commerce Department had said GDP increased 3.7%. The figures get revised as the government gets more data on how the economy performed. Consumer purchases jumped 3.6%, up from a prior estimate of 3.1%. Americans spent more on services such as health care and transportation. Businesses also invested more in structures such as office buildings and plants than the government initially reported. Investment on structures rose 6.2%, double the earlier estimate. Outlays on equipment also rose slightly instead of declining. And spending for home construction climbed 9.3% instead of 7.8%. After-tax corporate profits jumped 2.6 percent to double BEA’s estimate of 1.3 percent.

S&P 500 companies, excluding financial companies, collectively had $1.43 trillion in cash reserves sitting on the sidelines in the second quarter (April to June) of this year. That’s the second highest level in 10 years, and just a tad lower than the 1.45 trillion high set in the fourth quarter last year. Tech companies especially have much more cash than they did during the dot-com bubble era. Tech leads all sectors in its cash holdings by a long mile.

Some cash numbers are remarkable. Microsoft has $96 billion in cash, Google holds $70 billion and Cisco has $60 billion. The good news is that it reflects very healthy balance sheets. The bad news is that it shows a reluctance to spend by corporate executives, which signals pessimism and that they aren’t seeing enough growth opportunities to invest in.

The final read of consumer sentiment was revised higher to 87.2 from a preliminary tally of 85.7, according to the latest University of Michigan reading. This was down from the August final reading of 91.9.

The Brazilian real enjoyed a massive rally on Thursday after the governor of Brazil’s central bank vowed to use “all instruments” available to policymakers to stem the currency’s recent slide. Busting a five-day losing streak, the real rallied as much as 7% intraday, its biggest gain since November 2008. On Wednesday, the bank announced plans to auction $2 billion worth of currency swaps over two days – restarting a program that was scrapped earlier this year.

Japan has dropped back into deflation for the first time since April 2013 in a symbolic setback to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s economic stimulus. Core inflation, excluding fresh food, was down by 0.1% compared with a year ago in August, as slumping global energy prices outweighed headline prices. BOJ Governor Haruhiko Kuroda continues to insist Japan can reach a 2% inflation target by the middle of next year, but most analysts think that goal is now out of reach.

Volkswagen has a new CEO, Matthias Mueller, head of the company’s Porsche brand. Volkswagen has blamed its emissions scandal on a “small group” of people and said suspended a number of staff. Müller pledged to leave “no stone unturned” and “maximum transparency” in an investigation into how the company cheated emissions tests on diesel cars. However, the new VW boss did not reveal how many staff have been suspended or who they are. Bloomberg reported that key parts of the faked emissions tests had been overseen by VW executives based in the company’s headquarters in Wolfsburg.

The iPhone 6s and 6s Plus go on sale in many countries today, including the U.S., U.K., China, Australia, Canada and Germany. Shoppers who purchase the devices in an Apple store can opt in to the new iPhone Upgrade Program, which includes Apple’s warranty plan and the option to upgrade to a new handset every year. Analysts expect 12 million to 13 million phones to fly off the shelves over the weekend, up from more than 10 million last year – when the iPhone 6’s launch was delayed in China.

Google is back under U.S. antitrust scrutiny as officials ask whether the tech giant stifled competitors’ access to its Android mobile-operating system. The Federal Trade Commission reached an agreement with the Justice Department to spearhead an investigation of Google’s Android business. FTC officials have met with company representatives who say Google gives priority to its own services on the Android platform, while restricting others.

Facebook’s Oculus and Samsung Electronics have unveiled a new version of Gear VR for $99, saying the virtual reality headset would ship in time for Black Friday. The new device is 22% lighter and will work with all of Samsung’s 2015 line of smartphones, in contrast to the highly anticipated Oculus Rift, which will need to be wired to an expensive gaming computer. Users will additionally be able to cast 360-degree videos from Facebook’s newsfeed into the Gear VR, and Netflix, Vimeo and Hulu support is also on the way.

A rare astronomical phenomenon Sunday night will produce a moon that will appear slightly bigger than usual and have a reddish hue, an event known as a super blood moon. It hasn’t happened since 1982, and won’t happen again until 2033. A so-called supermoon, which occurs when the moon is closest to earth in its orbit, will coincide with a lunar eclipse, leaving the moon in Earth’s shadow. Individually, the two phenomena are not uncommon, but they do not align often. The moon may appear 14 percent larger and 30 percent brighter, but the difference is subtle to the plain eye. But the reddish tint from the lunar eclipse is likely to be visible throughout much of North America. You’re basically seeing all of the sunrises and sunsets across the world, all at once, being reflected off the surface of the moon.

Financial Review

Déjà vu All Over Again

Sinclair Noe — September 23, 2015

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DOW – 50 = 16,279
SPX – 3 = 1938
NAS – 3 = 4752
10 YR YLD + .02 = 2.14%
OIL – 1.67 = 44.69
GOLD + 5.70 = 1131.40
SILV + .03 = 14.89

Pope Francis visited the White House this morning. Speaking from the South Lawn before a crowd of about 15,000, the Pope said “climate change is a problem which can no longer be left to a future generation. When it comes to the care of our common home, we are living at a critical moment of history”; this was also a reference to his encyclical published in May, “Laudato Si – On Care for Our Common Home”, which addressed climate change. Francis has been a frequent critic of the damage caused to the world’s poor and the environment by capitalism’s excesses.

He also urged more attention be paid to the millions in poverty now overlooked by society, quoting Martin Luther King that “we have defaulted on a promissory note and now it is time to honor it.” Pope Francis said he will encourage Congress to guide the U.S. in fidelity to its founding principles including religious liberty. He referred briefly to the issue of immigration, and called on the U.S. to build a “truly tolerant and inclusive” society. Francis described himself as the son of an immigrant Italian family in Argentina. “I am happy to be a guest in this country, which was largely built by such families,” he said. Francis said that his teachings on economic fairness and climate change are “all in the social doctrine of the Church.” Tomorrow Pope Francis will address a joint session of Congress.

 Chinese president Xi Jingping arrived in Seattle yesterday, on his way to an official State visit in Washington DC tomorrow. Xi toured a Boeing aircraft plant and apparently liked what he saw. Boeing has signed deals to sell 300 aircraft to three Chinese firms and set up an aircraft plant in China. The aircraft deals, potentially worth $38 billion in total, are collectively the largest order the aerospace firm has received from Chinese companies.

Activity in China’s factory sector fell to the lowest level in over six years. The preliminary China manufacturing purchasing managers’ index dropped to 47.0 in September, down from 47.3 in August. The decline was led by a weak read for new orders and new export orders. Several investment firms lowered their estimates on China growth after factoring in the new manufacturing data.

Financial data firm Markit said its preliminary U.S. Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index for September was 53. That was the same as August, which was its lowest since October 2013. A strong dollar, flagging demand in many export markets and reduced capital spending by energy and other companies were all dragging on U.S. manufacturing. The survey is indicating the weakest manufacturing growth for almost two years, meaning the sector will have acted as a drag on the economy in the third quarter.

The Markit Eurozone Manufacturing PMI fell to 53.9 in September, down from 54.3 in August, but roughly in line with activity over the last eight months. Service sector growth outpaced manufacturing by a small margin. European Central bank President Mario Draghi said it’s too soon to say whether risks to the economic outlook warrant a step-up in the European Central Bank’s stimulus, saying: “Should some of the downwards risks weaken the inflation outlook over the medium term more fundamentally than we project at present, we would not hesitate to act.”

Bond guru Bill Gross, formerly with Pimco and now with Janus Capital, has long called for the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates. Now Groww is urging the Fed to “get off zero and get off quick” as zero-bound levels are harming the real economy and destroying insurance company balance sheets and pension funds. In his October Investment Outlook report, Gross wrote that the Fed, which did not raise its benchmark interest rates at last week’s high-profile policy meeting, should acknowledge the destructive nature of zero percent interest rates over the intermediate and longer term.

Gross writes: “Zero destroys existing business models such as life insurance company balance sheets and pension funds, which in turn are expected to use the proceeds to pay benefits for an aging boomer society.” Adding, “These assumed liabilities were based on the assumption that a balanced portfolio of stocks and bonds would return 7-8 percent over the long term.” But with corporate bonds now at 2-3 percent, Gross said it was obvious that to pay for future health, retirement and insurance related benefits, stocks must appreciate by 10 percent a year to meet the targeted assumption. “That, of course, is a stretch of some accountant’s or actuary’s imagination.”

At a time when fears are high about market liquidity comes a significant shift in the primary players in the corporate bond market. Households, hedge funds and nonprofits, historically considered to be long-term holders of fixed-income instruments, ditched corporate debt in the second quarter, selling $122 billion after reducing their holdings by just $24 billion over the previous three months.

Conversely, purchases by foreigners more than doubled, from $80 billion to $172.2 billion. Foreigners now own more than a quarter of the $8.1 trillion corporate bond market, with a 25.9 percent stake that is just shy of the 26.5 percent portion owned by mutual and exchange-traded funds. Households, a category that for statistical purposes also includes hedge funds, now own just 4 percent of the group. So, the fastest growth in ownership of corporate bonds is foreign investors and mutual funds/ETFs, otherwise considered short-term traders, not long-term investors.

A hallmark of the $18 trillion mutual-fund industry is that it promises easy entry and exit for investors. U.S. regulators now want new protections to ensure that pledge can be met due to concerns that firms have loaded up on hard-to-sell assets. The five-member Securities and Exchange Commission voted unanimously to pass a measure Tuesday that funds would have to maintain a minimum cushion of cash or cash-like investments that can be sold within three days. Funds also could charge investors who pull their money on days of elevated withdrawals.

The executive committee of Volkswagen’s supervisory board met today in Germany, with the automaker facing an unprecedented scandal. The company has now admitted that over 11 million diesel vehicles globally have software with programming aimed at defeating emissions control testing. One of their first moves was to hire Kirkland & Ellis – that’s the legal firm that represented BP in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster. Next step, CEO Martin Winterkorn resigned. He had been CEO for the past 10 years. If he knew about the emissions fraud scheme, that’s bad. And it is almost as bad to imagine that he didn’t know what was going on.

Shares of Volkswagen managed to bounce about 2% but are still down about 37% for the week. In Germany, one in six jobs are dependent upon the automobile industry in some way. Economists are trying to estimate the broad impact of the Volkswagen scandal on German GDP.

If you’re wondering why the Volkswagen story is attracting so much attention, you are wise to be skeptical. The recent General Motors problem involving defective ignition switches resulted in more than 120 deaths, and about a $900 million dollar fine for GM. VW would probably take that deal in a New York minute. Then there is the problem with Takata airbags exploding with such force that they spray shrapnel through the passenger compartment.

You may even recall a story about emissions controls from 1998 involving Caterpillar, Cummings, Detroit Diesel, Volvo, Renault, and Navistar. They created their own defeat device – one setting for the emissions tests and another, dirtier setting for regular driving. That deal involved 1.3 million engines. The fines amounted to a little over $80 million, plus a pledge to spend more than $800 million to develop cleaner diesel engines, with no admission of guilt. So, it has happened in the past; which means it isn’t a stretch to imagine that other car companies are trying to game emissions tests. Like Yogi Berra once said, “It’s déjà vu all over again.”

The American Petroleum Institute indicated U.S. crude stockpiles fell 3.7 miillion barrels last week. Stocks at the Cushing, Oklahoma delivery location were down almost 500,000 barrels.

Patriot Coal disclosed that Blackhawk Mining won a bankruptcy auction for the majority of its assets. The terms of Blackhawk’s bid were not disclosed, but it did not include cash; instead, the company offered Patriot’s creditors new debt and a stake in the entity that would own the auctioned assets. The sale is subject to approval by the U.S. bankruptcy court in Richmond, VA.

The Brazilian real hit an all-time low against the U.S. dollar today. Brazil has been hit hard by the steep plunge in commodities prices and the economic slowdown in China. The real has tumbled almost 35 percent against the dollar year to date. Earlier this month, S&P cut Brazil’s credit rating to below investment grade. Brazil’s Treasury bought back fixed-rate notes but failed to sell new notes at two auctions earlier in the week.

A federal judge has ruled that Warner/Chappel does not have a valid copyright to the song “Happy Birthday To You.” The music to Happy Birthday To You was written in the late 19th Century by two sisters who called their version Good Morning To All. That song later evolved into the version popular today and was copyrighted by the sisters’ publisher.

The publisher and the rights to the song were eventually purchased by Warner/Chappell for $25 million in the 1980s. Warner/Chappell earns about $2 million a year from the song. A group of artists who challenged Warner/Chappell’s ownership said over the summer that they had proof that the song belonged in the public domain. They said a songbook from 1922 includes the song, predating its 1935 copyright. Yesterday, the judge agreed. You are free to sing to your heart’s content.

Financial Review

Never the Twain Shall Meet

Sinclair Noe — September 22, 2015

Podcast: Play in new window | Download (Duration: 13:17 — 6.1MB)

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DOW – 179 = 16,330
SPX – 24 = 1942
NAS – 72 = 4756
10 YR YLD – .09 = 2.12%
OIL – .85 = 45.83
GOLD – 8.70 = 1125.70
SILV – .45 = 14.87

Pope Francis is in Washington. The Pope will visit Washington, New York City and Philadelphia as part of his first-ever trip to the U.S., a six-day, five-night trip which will feature a couple of masses that are expected to draw huge crowds. The Pope will address a joint session of Congress Thursday; he may make points that challenge both parties, particularly if he repeats his remarks against what he sees as the excesses of globalization and capitalism. And he may discomfort both the White House and Congress if he urges them to do more to help Syrian refugees flooding through Europe. Then he will address the United Nations General Assembly in New York, where he will also conduct mass at Madison Square Garden on Friday.

China’s President Xi Jinping touched down in Seattle today to meet American business leaders before heading to Washington on Thursday to speak with President Obama. The two will discuss several thorny issues, including cybersecurity, the South China Sea, North Korea’s nuclear threat, human rights and a widening trade deficit. President Xi will tour the Boeing aircraft plant near Seattle. Not much new to see really, China has stolen more data from Boeing than Xi will ever see on a hospitality tour. Meanwhile, in his first interview with foreign media since Chinese stocks skidded this summer, Xi told The Wall Street Journal that government intervention to arrest the plunge was necessary to “defuse systemic risks” and was akin to acts taken by governments in “some mature foreign markets.” Hmm, wonder who he’s thinking about?

The Asian Development Bank is forecasting the Chinese economy will grow less than 7% this year, and warning of widening fallout from the country’s economic slowdown.

Just two years after a government shutdown over the Affordable Care Act, lawmakers are again heading toward a funding impasse – this time over federal money for Planned Parenthood. In January 2014, the Bureau of Economic Analysis estimated the direct impact of the last closure lopped about three-tenths of a percent off real GDP growth in the 2013 fourth quarter, and experts now estimate a three-in-four chance the government shuts down at the end of September (up from 67% last week).

The dollar hit an almost two-week high against a basket of currencies this morning after comments from Fed officials revived expectations that rates could still be hiked later this year. Dennis Lockhart, a voting member of the Federal Open Market Committee, is scheduled to speak again later in the day. Fed Chair Janet Yellen speaks on Thursday; and this is the speech that matters most. She won’t take questions, so it’s up to Yellen to decide if she wants to guide market expectations by emphasizing the Fed remains on track to raise rates this year, or whether she is willing to wait until next year.

If she stays silent on the topic, that would point to a delayed liftoff. They don’t want to surprise the market, which means they have to lay out a course of action before they can be sure they are going to follow it. There are two remaining FOMC meetings this year. Investors see the chances of liftoff in October as only around 20 percent, while a hike by December is less than a 50-50 proposition, according to trading in federal funds futures.

Bond fund giant Pimco says the pace of Federal Reserve interest-rate increases is likely to be even more gradual than the firm expected in March and that the U.S. central bank may find it impossible to escape the effective lower bound of policy rates. Pimco said in its quarterly Cyclical Forum outlook report that: “In contrast to robust consumption and housing, business investment confronts the headwinds from low oil prices and cutbacks in drilling and exploration, while exports will be challenged by the delayed effects of a stronger dollar and slower growth in emerging economies.” Pimco cut its forecast for U.S. economic growth in the next 12 months to between 2.25 percent and 2.75 percent, from 2.5 percent and 3 percent in March.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency reports house prices rose a seasonally adjusted 0.6% in July. That takes the year-over-year gain to 5.8%. Over 12 months, every region was positive, led by the 9.4% rise in the Mountain region, which includes Arizona.

European Union ministers have approved a plan that compels member countries to take in 120,000 refugees, despite strong objections from four dissident nations in Central Europe. The Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia voted no. Finland abstained. As a legal matter, however, the plan is final and must be carried out even if those countries oppose it.

Problems at Volkswagen continue to grow. Over the weekend, VW said 482,000 vehicles equipped with diesel engines sold in the US were rigged with a sophisticated software algorithm that could detect when a car was undergoing an emissions test; the software would adjust the pollution emitted during the test, and then after that, it was back to spewing deadly nitrous oxide gases at up to 40 times the legal limit. Yesterday, VW announced they had set aside $7.3 billion to deal with the problem.

That’s bad, but it gets worse. Now the company admits that it cheated on the emissions controls for 11 million vehicles worldwide.  Regulators from Germany, France, South Korea and Italy have vowed to scrutinize Volkswagen’s vehicles. The U.S. Justice Department has also begun a criminal probe. The 11 million cars affected are more than VW sells in a year. To address the growing crisis, the executive committee of the carmaker’s supervisory board will meet tomorrow. VW shares have dropped 31% in the past 2 days.

The shock waves from the scandal enveloping Volkswagen were being felt across the sector as traders wondered who else might be affected. Germany’s Daimler, the maker of Mercedes-Benz cars, was down 6 percent, while BMW fell 5.3 percent. France’s Renault was 5.5 percent lower.

A former peanut company executive has been sentenced to 28 years in prison for his role in a deadly salmonella outbreak, the stiffest punishment ever handed out to a producer in a foodborne illness case. The outbreak in 2008 and 2009 was blamed for nine deaths and sickened hundreds more, and triggered one of the largest food recalls in U.S. history. Before he was sentenced, former Peanut Corporation of America owner Stewart Parnell listened as nine victims testified about the grief caused by tainted peanut butter traced to the company’s plant in southwest Georgia.

The Securities and Exchange Commission is voting on new rules that would force most mutual funds, outside of money market funds, to have sufficient liquid assets to meet the legal requirement for daily redemptions and access to funds within seven days. It would also allow “swing pricing,” which is the process of reflecting in a fund’s NAV the costs associated with shareholders’ trading activity in order to pass those costs on to the purchasing and redeeming shareholders.

Brian Moynihan will keep his dual role as Bank of America Corp.’s chairman and chief executive officer after shareholders voted to ratify governance changes made last year. Preliminary results showed the resolution passed with about 63 percent of the votes. Bank of America had called the special meeting after angering some investors by undoing a 2009 shareholder-backed bylaw requiring an independent chairman.

Lloyd Blankfein, CEO of Goldman Sachs, said he has been diagnosed with lymphoma and will undergo chemotherapy in New York over the next few months. In a memo published on the investment bank’s website, Blankfein said it is a “highly curable” form of lymphoma, and his doctors fully expect him to recover.

It may not seem like much; just an extra hundred dollars or so a year, but the steady upward creep in health insurance deductibles has easily outpaced the average increase in a worker’s wages over the last five years. According to a new study from the Kaiser Family Foundation deductibles have risen more than six times faster than workers’ earnings since 2010. Four of five workers who receive their insurance through an employer now pay a deductible, in which they must pay some of their medical bills before their coverage starts. Those workers’ deductibles have climbed from a yearly average of $900 in 2010 for an individual plan to above $1,300 this year, while employees working for small businesses have an even higher average of $1,800 a year. One in five workers has a deductible of $2,000 or more.

Is 100 percent renewable energy possible by 2050? Greenpeace says yes. In a new study, Greenpeace projects that complete global reliance on renewable energy is within our grasp, and suggests the switch will create millions of jobs. The prediction sounds idealistic, but in the past equally dramatic Greenpeace predictions have proven accurate. In fact, the US-based Meister Consultants Group concluded earlier this year that “the world’s biggest energy agencies, financial institutions and fossil fuel companies for the most part seriously under-estimated just how fast the clean power sector could and would grow.”

And the main finding of the report includes another positive projection: more renewables will mean more jobs. Solar PV is expected to provide 9.7 million jobs, and wind power is expected to provide 7.8 million. And the projected 20 million jobs coming from renewables are far more than the coal, gas, and oil industries today combined. So although the International Energy Agency predicts the number of jobs to fall after 2020, the Energy Revolution report expects the number of jobs to increase between now and then.