Financial Review

Fed Day

Sinclair Noe — June 14, 2017

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DOW + 46 = 21,374
SPX – 2 = 2437
NAS – 25 = 6194
RUT – 8 = 1417
10 Y – .07 = 2.14%
OIL – 1.78 = 44.68
GOLD – 6.00 = 1261.10
BITCOIN + 1.88% = 2541.31 USD
ETHEREUM – 13.12% = 345.44

Another record high close for the Dow Industrials. Stocks moved lower today after the Federal Reserve announced it was raising interest rates. The move was completely expected, so maybe the markets were reacting to weak retail sales data instead. Stocks recovered from session lows, with the Dow turning positive in the final hour of trade.

The Federal Reserve raised its benchmark lending rate by a quarter percentage point to a target range of 1.00 percent to 1.25 percent. This was the second rate hike in the past 3 months. The hike was widely expected.

In its statement following a two-day meeting, the Fed’s policy-setting committee indicated the economy had been expanding moderately, the labor market continued to strengthen and a recent softening in inflation was transitory. This was in-line with expectations for one more rate hike from the Fed for 2017, possibly in September or December.

The Fed has now raised rates four times as part of a normalization of monetary policy that began in December 2015. The Fed’s decision to raise rates was approved 8-1, with Neel Kashkari, head of the Fed’s Minneapolis regional bank, dissenting in favor of holding rates unchanged. Kashkari sees a very different economy from his colleagues, in terms of both inflation and the labor market.

While Yellen and the members who voted for hikes did so, in part, because they were worried about rising inflation, Kashkari doesn’t share their concern. If Kashkari is right, it means the Fed may be leaving lots of jobs and growth on the table.

The Fed also gave a first clear outline on its plan to reduce its $4.5 trillion portfolio of Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities, most of which were purchased in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis and recession. The Fed will allow its bond holdings to mature and fall off the balance sheet without being replaced or rolled over.

The Fed said the initial cap for Treasuries would be set at $6 billion per month initially and increase by $6 billion increments every three months over a 12-month period until it reached $30 billion per month in reductions to its holdings. For agency debt and mortgage-backed securities, the cap will be $4 billion per month initially, increasing by $4 billion at quarterly intervals over a year until it reached $20 billion per month.

Back of napkin math means the Fed will try to shrink the balance sheet in half over about 4 years, once the process starts. No date given. Fed Chair Janet Yellen said the process could begin “relatively soon.”

It won’t take long until you start to feel the rate hike. Look for interest rates on credit cards to jump relatively soon, probably 60 days, or two billing cycles. The average household now pays a total of $1,292 in credit card interest per year, according to NerdWallet’s research. Now that the Federal Reserve increased its rates as analysts expected, the total will rise to $1,309.

On the flip side, savers can look forward to earning higher rates on deposits, but don’t expect much, bank deposits are paying just over 1% which is not enough to keep pace with inflation.

The Fed also issued updated economic forecasts. The Fed’s revised forecasts reduced its estimate for unemployment by year’s end to 4.3 percent from a March projection of 4.5 percent. Unemployment has already reached a 16-year low of 4.3 percent.

The Fed kept forecast for economic growth this year of 2.2 percent, up slightly from its March forecast, with growth of 2.1 percent in 2018 and 1.9 percent in 2019. In a news conference, Fed Chair Janet Yellen said she still expects inflation to hit a 2% target next year, mentioning that recent declines are coming from such areas as telecom.

Earlier in the session we had some disappointing readings on inflation and retail sales.

Higher interest rates are normally good for a currency, but the dollar’s performance suggest traders see little chance for any more increases this year – at least if the turmoil in Washington distracts the Trump administration from implementing its pro-growth fiscal agenda.

Meanwhile, Treasuries rallied, pushing the yield on the 10-year note down 7 basis points and further flattening the yield curve, an indication that debt traders are cutting their expectations for growth. Bond traders are clearly worried the Fed is on a path to harm the nation’s prospects for growth without meaningfully adding to its arsenal of tools to deal with any downturn.

Meanwhile in the oil market, the price of crude is doing its best to keep inflation under wraps. Oil fell below $45 a barrel to its lowest since November as government data showed that weaker demand at the start of the summer driving season led to another increase in gasoline stockpiles.

Gasoline inventories rose 2.1 million barrels last week, according to the Energy Information Administration. Adding to the market pessimism, the International Energy Agency said new production from OPEC’s rivals will be more than enough to meet growth in demand next year, overwhelming the oil group’s efforts to reduce supplies by cutting its own output.

The EIA forecasts output at major American shale fields will reach a record in July.

Consumer prices declined in May, reflecting a big drop in energy prices. The Consumer Price Index, or CPI, edged down 0.1 percent last month following a small 0.2 percent increase in April. Prices had fallen 0.3 percent in March.

In addition to a drop in energy costs last month, the price of clothing, airline fares and medical care also declined. Core inflation, which excludes energy and food, rose a slight 0.1 percent in May. Over the past 12 months, consumer prices are up 1.9 percent while core inflation has risen 1.7 percent.

In May, food costs edged up a tiny 0.2 percent while energy costs fell 2.7 percent, led by a 6.2 percent drop in the price of gasoline. Over the past 12 months, food costs are up just 0.9 percent while energy prices have risen 5.4 percent.

Clothing costs dropped 0.8 percent in May while the cost of new cars and used cars both fell 0.2 percent. Medical services such as the cost of doctor’s visits dipped 0.1 percent in May but have risen 2.5 percent over the past 12 months.

Those low food costs might not last. Wheat has quietly staged a huge rally, as a prolonged dry spell has left the U.S. spring crop in its worst shape in almost three decades. Forty-five percent of the crop, the high-protein variety grown in northern states, was in good or excellent condition as of June 11.That’s down 10 percentage points from the prior week and marks the worst rating for the time of year since 1988.

Futures have surged more than 15 percent in the past month. Spring wheat futures for July delivery reached $6.45 3/4 a bushel, the highest for a most-active contract since December 2014.

The Commerce Department said retail sales dropped 0.3 percent, the first decline since February and the sharpest since a 1 percent decrease in January 2016. Last month, sales fell 2.8 percent at electronics stores, the biggest such drop since March 2016. They fell 2.4 percent at gasoline stations and 1 percent at department stores, which have struggled with competition from online retailers.

Business inventories fell by a seasonally adjusted 0.2 percent in April, following a gain of 0.2 percent in March. It was the first decline since a 0.2 percent drop in October. Sales were flat after contracting 0.1 percent in March. When businesses increase stockpiles, it is generally seen as a sign of their confidence that sales will increase in the coming months. A decrease in inventories can be a sign of pessimism about future sales.

Financial Review

See What Sticks

Sinclair Noe — May 1, 2017

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DOW – 27 = 20,913
SPX + 4 = 2388
NAS + 44 = 6091
RUT + 6 = 1407
10 Y + .04 = 2.32%
OIL – .56 = 48.77
GOLD – 11.60 = 1257.10

Once again, the Nasdaq hit a record high close. And the VIX, the volatility index dipped down under 10. Nothing to worry about here. Meanwhile, investors braced for another heavy week of quarterly corporate results in an earnings season that has exceeded expectations.

Overall, profits at S&P 500 companies are estimated to have risen between 12 percent and 13.6 percent in the first quarter, the most since 2011. First quarter GDP came in at 0.7 percent. The difference between earnings per share growth and gross domestic product expansion in the first quarter is the widest since the third quarter of 2011.

S&P 500 companies that generate more than half their revenue overseas are posting quarterly earnings growth of 19.9 percent on average, double that of companies that conduct most of their business domestically. About 46 percent of S&P 500 sales overall come from foreign markets. Other factors helping earnings and overseas economic growth are softness in the U.S. dollar and stabilizing oil prices.

The greenback has traded mostly lower this year after sharp gains in 2014 and 2015 that cut into overseas profits. Meanwhile, oil recovered from a sub-$30 a barrel low last February to trade in a range near $50 a barrel. U.S. crude is up about 7 percent over the last 12 months.

To be sure, there’s another reason why earnings look so good: A year ago, they were bad. Last year’s poor results for S&P 500 companies overall, including four straight quarters of earnings decline, set a low bar for companies to overcome.

You’ve heard the old axiom, Sell in May and Go Away; that is the simplified version. If you follow the directions, you could sell in May, or slightly before or after depending on when the market gives a sell signal. The critical reference point for the adage is the MACD. A traditional sell signal occurs when the MACD line crosses below the signal line. The Sell in May refers to the best and worst six month, so the idea is to stay away until the end of October.

The saying may be better at avoiding volatility in September and October than any big downturn in May. If you don’t want to sell in May, you might consider more defensive positions, or even a few short trades.  The next week could provide direction for the markets. We have a Federal Reserve policy meeting on Wednesday, a jobs report on Friday, and Sunday brings the French election between Macron and Le Pen. Buckle up.

Over the weekend, congressional negotiators have hammered out a bipartisan agreement on a spending package to keep the federal government funded through the end of the current fiscal year on Sept. 30. You are probably shocked by the news that congress worked over the weekend. Congress is expected to vote on the roughly $1.1 trillion package early this week.

The White House sought funding to begin building the wall, as well as $18 billion in cuts to domestic agencies, and both demands were rebuffed. The spending deal includes money for Planned Parenthood. The package includes $12.5 billion in new military spending and $1.5 billion more for border security, but not for a wall or additional Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents.

The Environmental Protection Agency, which Trump has sought to shrink dramatically, would receive a 1 percent reduction of $81 million in funding and no staff cuts. The deal also includes steady or slight increases in funding for agencies within the Department of Energy, such the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, which would get a $17 million increase, and the Office of Science, which would get a boost of $42 million compared to fiscal 2016 funding levels.

One provision allows the secretary of Homeland Security to temporarily increase the cap in H-2B visas for temporary labor through the end of September. Agencies Trump has sought to eliminate, like the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Appalachian Regional Commission, would get modest increases in funding instead.

Today, President Trump told Bloomberg News that he’s considering breaking up giant Wall Street banks by reinstating Glass-Steagall, the 1933 law that separates investment banking from traditional banking. Trump also suggested raising the gas tax to fund infrastructure.

The Trump administration released an outline of a tax plan last week that would slash tax rates for businesses and reduce the number of tax brackets for individuals. The plan, however, was silent on gasoline taxes. So, throw it on the wall and see if it sticks.

The European Union’s summit in Brussels ended with EU leaders suggesting that British Prime Minister Theresa May’s ambitions for the looming Brexit negotiations are unrealistic. May stuck to her guns, however, arguing that Britain should be allowed to line up a “comprehensive” free-trade deal with the EU post-Brexit and denying accusations that she’s in a “different galaxy.”

Meanwhile, Marine Le Pen and Emmanuel Macron are kicking off the final week of the French presidential campaign with major rallies in Paris. Macron is still leading the polls, although his margin has slipped slightly in recent days.

Oil and gold moved lower, but in the commodity markets, it was a big jump for wheat. A winter storm dropped more than 12 inches of snow across four Midwest states. While it will take several days before the damage can be assessed accurately as the snow melts, early estimates suggest losses could exceed 50 million bushels but quite possibly more.

Heavy rains are forecast for the region later in the week. Many reports of snapped wheat stems, and for a crop in the early stage of forming grain, that suggests there could be “substantial” production losses. For hard red winter wheat, a variety of the grain used to make bread, futures for July delivery surged 6.5 percent to close at $4.6575.

July futures for soft red winter wheat, which is used to make cookies and cake, jumped 5.5 percent to $4.56, also a record, while corn prices climbed 3 percent in active trading. Wheat has been in a long-term bear market thanks to near ideal growing conditions the past couple of years, and the feeling among many traders was that the only direction for wheat was down. The dominant position for speculative traders has been short. The freak storm caught many by surprise.

America’s largest oil refinery is now fully owned by Saudi Arabia. Saudi Aramco, the kingdom’s state-owned oil behemoth, took 100% control of the sprawling Port Arthur refinery in Texas on Monday, completing a deal that was first announced last year. Port Arthur is considered the crown jewel of the US refinery system.

The Gulf Coast facility can process 600,000 barrels of oil per day, making it the largest refinery in North America. Aramco previously owned 50% of Port Arthur through a joint venture co-owned with Royal Dutch Shell.

The ISM manufacturing report shows manufacturers scaled back hiring plans in April and demand for new products slowed, but most companies said business was still quite brisk, a survey of executives found. The Institute for Supply Management said its manufacturing index slipped to 54.8% in April from 57.2%. Any reading above 50 indicates expansion.

Spending on construction dipped 0.2% in March following an unusually strong pace of spending in February. For the first three months of the year, spending was 4.9% higher than in the same period in 2016. Much of the increase came from housing. Residential construction was up 1.2% during the month, but stood 7.3% higher than a year ago.

Overall private construction was flat in March, as lower levels of spending on public works continued to drag. Overall public construction was 0.9% lower during the month, and 6.5% lower than in March 2016.

Personal income rose less than expected in March while spending was flat, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis.  Personal income rose 0.2%, missing the forecast for 0.3% growth. The report also included data on personal consumption expenditures, a gauge of consumer purchases that the Fed prefers to measure inflation. The PCE deflator fell 0.2% month-on-month and rose 1.8% year-on-year, slipping from 2.1% in February.

American consumers are holding $1 trillion in revolving credit, mostly in credit card debt. So how well is this segment of consumer debt holding up? Synchrony Financial – GE’s spin-off that issues credit cards for Walmart and Amazon says net charge-offs would rise to at least 5% this year.

Credit-card specialist Capital One disclosed in its Q1 earnings report last week that provisions for credit losses rose to $2 billion, with net charge-offs jumping 28% year-over-year to $1.5 billion. Synchrony, Capital One, and Discover – a gauge of how well over-indebted consumers are managing to hang on – have together increased their Q1 provisions for bad loans by 36% year-over-year. Other worries about consumer debt in the US are piling up.

The $1.4 trillion in student loans are already in crisis, though the government backs them, and they cannot be charged off in bankruptcy. Of the $1.1 trillion in auto loans, subprime loans packaged into asset backed securities are getting crushed by net charge-off rates that are worse than during the Financial Crisis.

In a new study, life insurer and financial services provider Northwestern Mutual found that 45% of Americans that have debt spend “up to half of their monthly income on debt repayment.” Those are the true debt slaves. Excluding mortgage debt, American carry an average debt of $37,000. Of them, 47% carry $25,000 or more, and more than 10% carry $100,000 or more in debt, excluding mortgage debt.

Tuesday, August 26, 2014 - A Few Old Sayings

Financial Review with Sinclair Noe

DOW + 29 = 17,106
SPX + 2 = 2000.02 (record)
NAS + 13 = 4570
10 YR YLD + .01 = 2.40%
OIL + .55 = 93.90
GOLD - .70 = 1280.90
SILV - .08 = 19.38

The S&P 500 notched its 30th record of the year and closed above 2000 for the first time ever. The Dow also rose but fell short of its record closing high after setting an all-time intraday high earlier in the session.

There are a few old sayings about the market that seem to fit. The first is, “the trend is you friend”; we have seen a few minor pullbacks since the bottom in 2009, but since the start of 2013 there has been a strong and steady uptrend. “A trend in place is more likely to continue than it is to reverse, until it reverses” and today marked a continuation of the trend, not a reversal.

Why is the market going up? Who knows? There are plenty of problems around the world. The US economy looks sluggish, but “stocks climb a wall of worry to march into bullish territory”; that’s a phrase that’s been thrown around for more than 60 years, but was made popular by Joe Granville in the 1980s.  Another financial proverb claims “Worry is interest paid on trouble before it falls due.” And the opposite of the “wall of worry” is “Bear markets slide down a slope of hope.”

And then there is the very, very old saying “buy low, sell high.” Any idiot off the street could repeat this phrase to you as if they had the secret recipe for investing success. Honestly, it’s good advice, because the overwhelming top indicator for investors and traders is price. You can’t spend volume or moving averages or stochastics or relative strength, and eventually, inevitably the trend will change.

If you want to look at a chart of an uptrend, just look at the S&P 500. If you want to see a chart of a downtrend look at the past four months’ worth of charts for wheat and corn and soybeans. As we near the end of summer, farmers are preparing for record crops in the Midwest. Wheat crops are forecast at a record 273 million bushels, up from 235 million last year; this year’s  soybean harvest is also expected to be a record, and corn will be a near record. But there is a problem. In many areas, such as the Dakotas, where agriculture has been a mainstay, the energy boom has taken over, and most of that oil travels by rail, and that means grain shipments have been held up, right as we head to harvest.

Reports the railroads filed with the federal government show that for the week that ended Aug. 22, the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway, North Dakota’s largest railroad, had a backlog of 1,336 rail cars waiting to ship grain and other products. Another railroad, Canadian Pacific, had a backlog of nearly 1,000 cars. Agriculture Department officials estimate that Canadian Pacific would not be able to fulfill nearly 30,000 requests from farmers and others for rail cars before October.

We have a couple of reports on home prices. The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s home price index shows house prices rose just 0.8% in the second quarter of 2014. This is the twelfth consecutive quarterly price increase for the FHFA index, but it also shows a slowdown. The FHFA index is based on home sales prices from conforming mortgages through Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Home prices are up 5.2% from the second quarter a year ago. Arizona ranked 5^th in annual appreciation.

In another indicator of a housing slowdown, the S&P/Case-Shiller National Home Price Index gained just 6.2% in the 12 months ending June 2014, while the 10-City and 20-City Composites gained 8.1%. That’s a dramatic shift from the double-digit, year-over-year price increases that had become the norm in the second half of 2013 and the first part of this year. All three indices saw their rates slow significantly from last month. To be clear, home prices are not dropping, simply rising at a slower rate.

The 20-city composite rose 1% in June. Phoenix posted a 0.6% gain for June, and a 6.9% gain from June of last year. Nationally, prices are still 17% below their peak. In Phoenix, the peak was measured to June 2006; from that point prices dropped 56%, and although prices have recovered, we are still 35% below peak prices.  

The takeaway from the housing reports is that price gains are slowing, and home supply has increased with higher prices and more people renting; consumers are slowly losing their ability to finance large purchases as home price appreciation continues to outpace wages. Absent a big increase in wages, you might expect home prices to remain flat or even decrease a bit in coming months.

Orders for durable goods jumped 22.6% in July; that is a record move, but much of the increase is because Boeing saw a jump in signed contracts for the 777X; it will take years before those planes are flying. Along with Boeing, automakers also turned in a strong performance. Demand for cars and small trucks climbed by 10.2%. Orders excluding the transportation sector, however, fell 0.8% with widespread weakness. Orders for primary metals, machinery, computers and defense goods all declined. Another key measurement of business investment, a category known core capital goods, dropped 0.5% in July. Orders for durable goods are volatile, and can jump around from month to month. While business investment has fallen in three of the past four months, it’s increased by an annual pace of 9% so far this year.

The Conference Board’s consumer confidence index jumped to 92.4 in August, the highest level since October 2007, from a revised 90.3 in July. Confidence has now increased for four straight months, and consumers remain quite positive about the short-term outlooks for the economy and labor market, even as the future expectations index declined from 91.9 to 90.9.

It’s official, minus the approval of regulators; Burger King will buy Tim Hortons for $11.4 billion and move the corporate headquarters to Canada, except they will keep corporate offices in Miami; and even though the deal would make sense without the tax dodging; it is a tax inversion deal. Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway is providing $3 billion in financing for the acquisition. Berkshire will earn 9% annual interest by taking a preferred equity stake.

The Department of Veterans Affairs says investigators have found no conclusive proof that delays in care caused any deaths at a VA hospital in Phoenix. That may be technically accurate, or not, but a troubled health care system in which veterans waited months for appointments while employees falsified records to cover up the delays, certainly did not serve those veterans with the care they deserved. The inspector general's final report has not yet been issued.

The VA is preparing a whole host of fixes for its healthcare system. Congress approved $17 billion to expand health care resources at the VA. Across the entire VA system, $400 million must be spent on staff overtime or private doctors to ensure veterans are treated quickly. As of Aug. 6, the VA had allocated $128 million in private care costs for 83,000 veterans; 8,248 VA schedulers across the country have been trained in appropriate ways of scheduling patients, including 764 Phoenix workers; an internal investigation board will be created to identify managers at the Phoenix hospital responsible for wrongdoing and what disciplinary actions should be taken; nearly $17 million has been spent in Phoenix to send veterans to private doctors for speedier care.

Also, mental health resources have been expanded in Phoenix by filling all but three of 13 psychiatric vacancies and six of seven psychologist positions and adding four social workers. The hospital's primary care staff has been expanded by 53 doctors, nurses and other caregivers. Twenty-seven temporary examination rooms have been opened, and two new outpatient clinics are planned with an additional 30,000 square feet of space.

President Obama went to Charlotte North Carolina today to address the national convention of the American Legion; and he announced steps to expand veterans’ access to mental health care and an initiative with financial companies to lower home loan costs for military families.

The US has begun surveillance flights over Syria to gather intelligence that might lead to airstrikes against ISIS militants in Syria. Military action inside Syria has not been approved yet. Pentagon officials have been drafting potential options for the president, including airstrikes.

Here’s a thought, before we send any more troops back into Iraq, or approve any airstrikes in Syria, we should make sure the VA has figured out a way to provide the best medical care to veterans. No excuses.

Ukraine has captured 10 Russian soldiers, though it did not state how they were caught. Weapons and fighters are able to cross the porous border freely, but until now there has never been confirmation that serving Russian soldiers were active inside Ukraine, despite repeated claims from Kiev. Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko held one-one-one talks today in Minsk, aimed at defusing the situation, which is positive, but the Russian POWs undoubtedly makes talks a bit awkward.

After 50 days of fighting, Egypt has brokered a ceasefire between Gaza and Israel. Palestinian and Egyptian officials said the deal called for an indefinite halt to hostilities, the immediate opening of Gaza's blockaded crossings with Israel and Egypt and a widening of the territory's fishing zone in the Mediterranean.

The United Nations has produced a new study on climate change; it includes a summarization of hundreds of scientific papers and is considered to present the best scientific and economic analysis on global warming, and is designed to provide policymakers with a scientific foundation for dealing with global warming. Bloomberg says it has received a leaked copy of the report which highlights the dangers from rising temperatures including damage to crop production, rising sea levels, melting glaciers and more pervasive heatwaves. The report mentions the word “risk” more than 350 times; “vulnerable” or “vulnerability” are written 61 times; and “irreversible” comes up 48 times.

The study, called the “Synthesis Report”, says global warming already is impacting “all continents and across the oceans,” and further pollution from heat-trapping gases will raise the likelihood of “severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts for people and ecosystems”. And the longer we wait to address the problems the more it will cost.