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Showing posts with label Harvey. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Harvey. Show all posts

Thursday, August 31, 2017

In the Wake of the Storm

Financial Review

In the Wake of the Storm


DOW + 55 = 21,948
SPX + 14 = 2471
NAS + 60 = 6428
RUT + 13 = 1405
10 Y – .02 = 2.12%
OIL – .18 = 47.05
GOLD + 12.70 = 1320.80

Top Cryptocurrencies

  Name Symbol Market Cap Vol. Total Vol. % Price USD Price BTC Chg. % 1D Chg. % 7D
  Bitcoin BTC $77.56B $1.98B 35.76% $4,690.37 1 1.74% 7.78%
  Ethereum ETH $36.49B $751.90M 13.55% $386.67 0.0821199 1.94% 16.85%
  Bitcoin Cash BCH $9.76B $280.18M 5.05% $589.80 0.12526 2.01% -7.03%
  Ripple XRP $9.51B $477.69M 8.61% $0.25 0.00005269 9.33% 13.24%
  Litecoin LTC $3.87B $666.87M 12.02% $73.46 0.0156005 13.35% 45.50%
  Dash DASH $2.85B $35.08M 0.63% $378.73 0.0804347 2.40% 20.91%
  NEM XEM $2.82B $17.23M 0.31% $0.31 0.0000665 -3.00% 18.89%
  IOTA MIOTA $2.38B $15.78M 0.28% $0.86 0.00018222 -4.15% -1.26%
  Monero XMR $2.08B $121.15M 2.18% $138.28 0.0293683 1.66% 50.00%
  NEO NEO $1.60B $46.11M 0.83% $31.94 0.00678321 -6.08% -23.46%

For the month, the S&P edged up 0.05 percent while the Dow gained 0.28 percent and Nasdaq rose 1.27 percent.

Even after a late-July Federal Reserve meeting made it clear that policy makers would begin reducing the bank’s $4.5 trillion balance sheet in short order, 10-year Treasury yields have dropped 16 basis points in August, the steepest monthly decline since June 2016.

Here’s the latest on Harvey: In Beaumont, about 70 miles east-northeast of Houston, flooding shut down the system that supplies running water to the entire city, prompting a hospital to evacuate. Most roads in and out of Beaumont are under water.

In Houston, officials ordered mandatory evacuation of areas around the Barker Reservoir, as flooding from that overwhelmed basin, and the nearby Addicks Reservoir, continued to pour into neighborhoods on the city’s western edge. In other parts of the city, floodwaters receded.

A series of small explosions shook the Arkema chemical plant in Crosby, northeast of Houston and more blasts were expected, after floodwaters shut down the cooling systems that kept the chemicals stable. An area of 1.5 miles was evacuated around the plant. More explosions are expected.

Houston is known as the energy capital of the world; all that oil and gas passing through has spawned a second industry of petrochemicals. It should be no surprise that a storm of this magnitude is causing chemical accidents.

There are also reports of damaged tanks at an Exxon Mobil facility and a Phillips 66 facility, with gas leaking out of tanks. In public statement after public statement, companies working with hazardous materials or processes in Houston declare that their engineers have anticipated every eventuality, that the public has nothing to fear. Go away, they say, nothing to see here.

Yet since Hurricane Harvey struck, Houston area companies have filed 32 air emission event reports with the Texas Commission for Environmental Quality. The Coast Guard’s National Response Center has listed chemical or gas leaks in at least 20 locations in Greater Houston.

Two million pounds of dangerous chemicals were released in Houston when they shut down refineries and petrochemical plants between Monday and Wednesday. More has been released since then, and millions more will be released when the plants restart. Harvey has revealed a lot in its wake.

Gasoline futures surged 10 percent today as almost a quarter of U.S. refining capacity remained offline and traders scrambled to reroute millions of barrels of fuel. Gasoline futures have rallied roughly 26 percent from the previous week to a two-year high.

Hurricane Harvey has paralyzed at least 4.4 million barrels per day (bpd) of refining capacity. Analysts at Goldman Sachs and Stifel said they expected infrastructure outages to last several months but said it was difficult to estimate the exact damage.

The shutdowns led the U.S. government to tap its strategic oil reserves for the first time in five years on Thursday, releasing 1-million barrels of crude to a working refinery in Louisiana. Colonial Pipeline announced it would shut down because Harvey forced the closure of refineries.

Colonial is one of the most critical pieces of energy infrastructure in the U.S., able to transport about 2.5 million barrels a day of products such as gasoline and distillate from the Gulf Coast to the East Coast, supplying big demand centers stretching from Atlanta to New York City. Gasoline shortages are expected up and down the East Coast.

In all, 53 Texas counties issued emergency declarations – an area that’s home to around 11.4 million people. It is going to take some time to sort out. Meanwhile, the remnants of Harvey are headed for Tennessee and should be dumping rain on Kentucky and Ohio tomorrow.

Harvey makes landfall in Washington as soon as next week, when President Trump is expected to ask for what could be tens of billions of dollars in storm relief. And paying for storm recovery — probably with few offsetting spending cuts — will be but the first blow to fiscal discipline in what looks to be a particularly active, and calamitous, spending season.

After Harvey comes the debt ceiling, and there are rumblings that the vote to raise the limit could be used to increase spending. (In the past, such votes were used by fiscal hawks to cut spending.) At the same time come negotiations to fund the government for fiscal year 2018, and indications are that lawmakers will try to avoid a shutdown with a short-term spending deal.

Trump and Republicans have given clear signs they are moving away from tax reform (a simplification of the tax code that doesn’t necessarily reduce revenue) toward all-out tax cuts, financed by deficit spending.

Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said today that Hurricane Harvey could bring forward the deadline by which the nation’s debt ceiling needs to be raised and that he is open to the borrowing cap being dealt with as part of a wider bill.

Mnuchin also said the administration has a “very detailed” tax plan ready and “couldn’t be more excited” about its prospects. He said the plan has been presented to members of Congress and will be released to the public by the end of September.

On Wednesday, Trump reiterated his call for a corporate tax rate cut to 15 percent from 35 percent. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell has indicated he plans to use the same “reconciliation” resolution he used on the failed attempt to repeal Obamacare to allow for a party-line vote on a tax cut. That process would balloon the deficit — but they could avoid such concerns by using the well-worn gimmick of having the tax cut expire before 10 years.

The core personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index increased 1.4 percent in the 12 months through July, its smallest year-on-year increase since December 2015. For the month, core prices rose just less than 0.1%. The PCE is the Fed’s preferred inflation measure.

Core PCE has undershot the Fed’s 2 percent target for the past five years. Chances of a rate hike in December have fallen to about 36 percent, from 43 percent a month ago, according to CME Group’s FedWatch tool. So, the new term to describe this pricing action is soft-flation. When we look at weak wage growth, combined with ongoing sluggish economic growth, we have an old term for that – stagflation.

Labor Department data showed the number of Americans filing for unemployment benefits rose slightly last week. The weekly data precedes the more comprehensive monthly jobs report on Friday. The median projection ahead of Friday’s jobs report is 180,000, that’s been about the average so far, this year. Tomorrow’s report will not include jobs lost from Hurricane Harvey.

A congressional hearing on net neutrality that was slated for September 7 isn’t happening after several major tech companies did not accept invitations for their CEOs to testify. Executives from Amazon, Google, Facebook, Netflix, and Verizon were invited to address the House Energy and Commerce Committee, but—even after the committee extended the deadline to wait for their responses—apparently no one agreed to go.

Many tech companies rallied in support of net neutrality during an internet-wide day of action last month, but executives were less thrilled about appearing before the committee. The Federal Communications Commission has been pushing for a rollback of Obama-era net neutrality protections that prevent internet service providers from selectively throttling data or creating fast lanes and slow lanes on the internet.

But even though the FCC has been flooded with public comments in support of those protections, chairman Ajit Pai has remained steadfast in his stance that the rollback is necessary. Assuming the FCCs proceeds as expected and dismantles existing net neutrality rules, both sides of the debate are expected to lobby congress to establish new net neutrality laws—hence, the purpose of the September 7 hearing, to kickstart a public debate.

But tech CEOs and the broader public clearly think the repeal of net neutrality is a non-starter.

The bogus bank account scandal at Wells Fargo appears to be a lot worse than originally known. Just how much worse? Newly reported figures show that the number of unauthorized accounts created by employees is up from 2.1 million to now close to 3.5 million.

The expanded review also uncovered about 528,000 potentially unauthorized online bill-pay enrollments Repercussions for Wells Fargo since the scandal broke a year ago have been severe — it paid a $185 million fine to the federal government, and fired more than 5,000 employees for improperly creating accounts without customers’ consent.

Bank insiders blamed the scandal on an internal high-pressure sales culture; it underwent Congressional hearings, its CEO quit and it has since been dogged by a dozen investigations and public backlash. But the new revelations brought the bank to new lows. And this is on top of other scandals, such as unauthorized auto insurance policies more than 800,000 customers didn’t need or agree to purchase.

This is not the first scandal for Wells Fargo, it won’t be the last, and they are still dealing with other scandals, such as sexual harassment claims, wrongful termination claims, retaliation against whistle-blowers, excessive charges for various fees – (that has been ongoing for about 10 years).

Today’s report was not totally unexpected, the bank warned a couple of weeks ago that there would be more bad news. At some point, you would think all this criminal activity would result in jail time. After all, the United States incarcerates more people than any other nation on earth, but for some reason the banksters walk.

Tuesday, August 29, 2017

Get Out Now

Financial Review

Get Out Now


DOW + 56 = 21,865
SPX + 2 = 2446
NAS + 18 = 6301
RUT + 2 = 1384
10 Y – .02 = 2.14%
OIL – .11 = 46.33
GOLD – .90 = 1309.60

Top Cryptocurrencies

  Name Symbol Market Cap Vol. Total Vol. % Price USD Price BTC Chg. % 1D Chg. % 7D
  Bitcoin BTC $75.55B $2.47B 39.17% $4,570.05 1 4.16% 11.44%
  Ethereum ETH $34.80B $1.23B 19.50% $368.92 0.0804136 6.04% 16.67%
  Bitcoin Cash BCH $9.19B $378.75M 6.00% $555.00 0.120972 -6.85% -18.03%
  Ripple XRP $8.36B $263.40M 4.18% $0.22 0.00004749 -0.95% -14.85%
  Litecoin LTC $3.31B $289.75M 4.59% $62.90 0.013705 0.71% 34.86%
  Dash DASH $2.71B $47.44M 0.75% $359.73 0.0783784 -0.03% 23.92%
  NEM XEM $2.55B $7.86M 0.12% $0.28 0.00006186 1.07% 14.68%
  IOTA MIOTA $2.27B $28.66M 0.45% $0.82 0.00017765 -5.96% -4.43%
  Monero XMR $2.00B $173.82M 2.76% $133.00 0.0289786 -6.70% 48.45%
  NEO NEO $1.70B $169.91M 2.69% $34.06 0.00742472 -10.70% -4.74%

A pair of 70-year-old reservoir dams that protect downtown Houston and a levee in a suburban subdivision began overflowing Tuesday, adding to the rising floodwaters from Harvey. The dams did not break, but they are overflowing, meaning the flooding is just getting worse.

Brazoria County authorities posted a message on Twitter – “GET OUT NOW!!!” (all caps – 3 exclamation points).

A weather station southeast of Houston reported 49.32 inches of rain as of Tuesday morning. Already 14 sites in Houston have recorded more than 40 inches of rain and 36 different locations have recorded more than 3 feet. Harvey now officially holds the US record for most total rainfall from a tropical system, and it hasn’t left the area yet.

Rivers around Houston crested last night and today, several areas are reporting water 25 feet above flood level. At least 14 people are reportedly dead in the Houston area, including a family of six who are thought to have drowned in a van and a police officer who drowned in his patrol car. Many folks have lost touch. Undoubtedly, the death count will rise.

The phase of immediate recovery, still unfolding in Houston, includes search-and-rescue and providing temporary shelters. The latest estimates are that more than 30,000 will need temporary shelter.

Immediately after a large-scale disaster, infrastructure known to engineers as “lifeline systems” – power, transit and communications – must be restored. In Houston, as many as 100,000 are without power, and all service was suspended on the local public transit system. Major roadways are underwater and will remain impassable for several weeks to several months.

Also among the near-term challenges are securing critical facilities and bringing them back online, including fire and police stations, hospitals, nursing homes and schools. Water and sewer systems and debris clearance are next on the list. Something as simple as trash collection has stopped for the past 5 days.

Early estimates suggest the financial damage has already run into tens of billions of dollars, and one forecaster has predicted the final bill could be as high as $100 billion. Trump is visiting Texas today and he said the cost of recovery from Harvey – the first natural disaster during his presidency – would be “very expensive” but pledged that “the federal government stands ready, willing and able to support that effort”.

Trump also made some impromptu remarks, saying “We love you, you are special, we are here to take care of you. It’s going well…What a crowd, what a turn out.”

So, the ripples from Harvey will hit the economy in several ways, including higher gas prices at the pump, higher commodity prices for building supplies – also look for construction labor to focus on the Houston area, meaning localized shortages, and higher insurance rates, and then consider the mortgage backed securities for residential and commercial, and the overall economic slowdown means the Federal Reserve will likely take a more dovish position on removing accommodation.

The markets started today’s trading in negative territory on news that North Korea had fired a missile that crossed over Japan. South Korea responds by having four F-15K jet fighters conduct bomb-dropping drills. Japan asks the United Nations Security Council to hold an emergency meeting. Kim Jong Un doesn’t seem to be backing down. This morning, Trump repeated the Washington cliché that “all options are on the table”, a warning that’s been issued time and again for more than a decade.

Kim, “smart cookie” that he is, has probably acquired enough evidence at this point to realize that the U.S. is unlikely to take military action to stop him as long as he has literal guns to the heads of 25 million people in Seoul. But if nothing explodes, Wall Street rolls merrily along.

Today the Dow Industrials opened down 134 points, then slowly and surely turned positive, marking a 200 point intraday swing from low to high. Many investors sought safe haven plays, pushing gold higher and pushing yields on ten-year Treasury notes to the lowest levels of the year. The bond market is certainly sending a clear signal that it expects the pace of Fed rate increases to slow dramatically.

Just two months ago, derivatives were showing that traders expected the target federal funds rate to rise to 2 percent over the next three years. Now, they see a rate of 1.6 percent, implying a little more than one boost from the current range of 1 percent to 1.25 percent.

It’s also notable that even though yields on benchmark 10-year Treasuries dropped to their lowest level of the year, touching 2.08 percent. About 75 percent of the respondents to JPMorgan’s widely followed weekly client survey say they are neutral on the bond market. That implies they anticipate no big changes in current conditions for the foreseeable future, which is a remarkable referendum on an economy that many expect to gather strength.

As the dollar declined to two-and-a-half-year lows, companies that do a lot of business outside the U.S. climbed. A weaker dollar boosts their sales and helps their profits when they are converted back into dollars. The dollar has weakened in part because a lot of economies in other regions are getting stronger, which boosts their currencies. The dollar is down almost 10 percent in 2017, at its lowest point in more than a year and the euro is at two-year highs.

Apple hit another record high today. The new iPhone launch is about 2 weeks away, maybe. While Apple has not confirmed a new iPhone will launch this year nor invited media to an event, it is expected to do something on September 12. Whatever happens, the tech rally isn’t dead yet.

Meanwhile, Apple and professional services company Accenture said they will team up to help businesses build better applications for iOS, the operating system that powers Apple’s iPhone and iPad.

The S&P/Case-Shiller 20-city index rose a seasonally adjusted 5.7% in the three-month period ending in June, compared with a year ago, the same rate of change as in May. The national index rose 5.8%, compared with a year ago, up from a 5.7% annual increase in May. Demand remains strong and inventories are tight. The Phoenix market for existing home sales is right in line with the national numbers. Phoenix prices were up 0.8% in the June period, and up 5.8% over the past 12 months.

The Conference Board’s consumer confidence index rose to 122.9 in August, up from a revised 120 in the prior month. The index hit a 16-year high of 124.9 in March. Consumers are feeling better given rising home prices, a healthy job market and stocks close to record highs. This bodes well for consumer spending in the third quarter. The present situation index, a measure of current conditions, jumped to a cycle high of 151.2 in August from 145.4.

The future expectations index rose marginally to 104 from 103. We feel good about things right now but we are not optimistic about the future. The gap between current conditions and future expectations is the widest since 2008. The growing divergence likely reflects the perception that the best days of the recovery are behind us, and that there is not much of a chance of further substantial improvement on the horizon. Still, both measures are elevated enough that consumers don’t appear concerned about an economic downturn.

Freeport–McMoRan announced that it was signing over 51% ownership interest in the Grasberg mine to the Indonesian government. Grasberg is one of the most valuable chunks of land in the world, the world’s largest gold mine and second-largest copper mine. The deal essentially rewrites an arrangement that began in 1972, when a Freeport predecessor began mining operations there under an agreement with a military dictatorship.

In exchange, the Indonesian government agreed to extend Freeport’s permit to export copper from the mine. That gives Freeport a measure of certainty as it makes plans to invest $20 billion to expand the mine and shift much of the work underground.

The Department of Justice is considering whether Uber violated laws involving the bribery of foreign officials. The DOJ is examining allegations that Uber may have violated the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. The law makes it illegal for individuals and organizations to pay foreign government officials to obtain or retain business. It’s not clear exactly what incidents or countries the DOJ is looking at, or when the alleged violations may have occurred.

Airplane-equipment giant United Technologies is closing in on a more than $20 billion buyout of competitor Rockwell Collins.  Discussions are reportedly ongoing, but negotiations have focused on a deal price of less than $140 per share for Rockwell. The company was trading up about 2% to $130 per share late today morning, giving it a market cap of $21.7 billion.

Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway has become Bank of America’s largest shareholder by exercising its right to acquire 700 million shares at a steep discount, more than tripling an investment it made six years ago. Berkshire is now the largest shareholder in the second- and third-largest U.S. banks, with stakes of roughly 6.6 percent in Bank of America and 10 percent in Wells Fargo.

Berkshire exercised warrants to acquire its shares for roughly $7.14 each, well below their closing price of $23.58. To pay for the shares, Berkshire swapped $5 billion of Bank of America preferred stock it had bought in August 2011. Its new common shares are worth roughly $16.5 billion, giving Berkshire a roughly $11.5 billion profit.

Monday, August 28, 2017

Deep Purple

Financial Review

Deep Purple


DOW – 5 = 21,808
SPX + 1 = 2444
NAS + 17 = 6283
RUT + 4 = 1382
10 Y – .01 = 2.16%
OIL – 1.06 = 46.81
GOLD + 18.70 = 1310.50

Top Cryptocurrencies
Name Symbol Market Cap Vol. Total Vol. % Price USD Price BTC Chg. % 1D Chg. % 7D

Bitcoin BTC $72.45B $1.97B 35.42% $4,382.87 1 0.30% 10.85%

Ethereum ETH $32.71B $888.16M 15.99% $346.91 0.0792256 0.52% 7.71%

Bitcoin Cash BCH $9.87B $217.09M 3.91% $596.14 0.136145 -3.90% -1.30%

Ripple XRP $8.58B $536.77M 9.66% $0.22 0.00005111 10.36% 22.54%

Litecoin LTC $3.27B $561.89M 10.12% $62.04 0.0141764 0.58% 31.76%

Dash DASH $2.67B $58.50M 1.05% $355.65 0.0812671 -2.40% 28.00%

NEM XEM $2.52B $9.61M 0.17% $0.28 0.00006393 1.89% 10.03%

IOTA MIOTA $2.40B $23.92M 0.43% $0.86 0.00019694 -6.36% -1.14%

Monero XMR $2.14B $213.80M 3.85% $142.61 0.0325879 9.37% 87.55%

NEO NEO $1.90B $43.59M 0.78% $38.08 0.00869772 -3.69% 8.21%

The Weather Company’s chief meteorologist called it “a tragedy of epic proportions.” The National Weather Service said it was “unprecedented” and “beyond anything experienced.”

National attention has been focused on Texas since Friday, when Hurricane Harvey hit the coast. The hurricane is now a tropical storm and it has moved back out over water. The storm is expected to head back to land over the next 48 hours, skirting Houston to the east and taking dead aim at Beaumont.

The problem with this storm is not so much the winds which devastated Rockport Texas, but the rains which are expected to continue for the next 3 to 4 days. Houston has already received more than 2 feet of rain. So much rain has fallen, the National Weather Service had to update the color charts on their graphics, anything over 20 inches is deep purple.

According to the National Hurricane Center, 50 inches of rain in total could end up falling on Houston and Galveston and other cities along the coast. That means the already serious flooding will only get worse.

Rivers, creeks and bayous around Houston are expected to crest tonight. The Army Corps of Engineers began releasing water from overwhelmed reservoirs in Houston to stymie some of the flooding in the city’s downtown, though the procedure could flood additional homes.

There are also ongoing threats from tornadoes and storm surge. Five deaths have already been reported, and officials expect the toll to rise. Tens of thousands of people could have to take refuge in shelters.

Ten oil refinery plants around Houston and Corpus Christi are shut down, according to a report by S&P Global Platts. Goldman Sachs estimates the hurricane has taken 3 million barrels a day of refining capacity offline. Among the companies cited in the report as shutting down refineries are Exxon Mobil, Valero, Citgo, Shell, and Phillips 66.

The storm has, so far, shut down one-quarter of oil production from the Gulf of Mexico. More refinery shutdowns are expected. In the short-term, this will likely mean higher gasoline prices. And while the storm will curtail offshore crude oil production in the Gulf of Mexico, crude futures dropped today. That’s because the supply impact is more than offset by the hit to demand for crude by the refinery shutdowns.

Several pipelines were also closed, potentially stranding crude in Texas and interrupting gasoline supplies to other parts of the country. The refineries will not be accepting new shipments of crude, but that also means there will be a shortage of gasoline. So today oil dropped while gasoline prices jumped.

At the pump, retail gasoline prices were moving higher, with the U.S. national average at $2.377 a gallon, a rise of 1.5 cents from Sunday and 4.6 cents from a week ago, according to fuel data site GasBuddy. Gas prices are up about 14 cents per gallon over the past 12 months.

Domestic energy stocks were slammed today. Exxon down 0.3% and Chevron down 0.4%. Refiner Valero Energy climbed 1.1 percent.

Other commodities were also hit today. Cotton Futures in New York rose as much as 2.6 percent to 69.95 cents a pound. Texas is the largest U.S. cotton producer — even as many farmers are storing excess supplies on fields following a bumper harvest.

The deluge of rain has left some animals stranded in floodwater in the state that leads the U.S. in beef production. Cattle futures on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange rose as much as 2.6 percent today, reaching the highest price in almost three weeks.

The hurricane has also disrupted air travel across the country, as Houston’s 2 main airports Hobby and International are flooded, resulting in close to 2,000 flight cancellations.

If past patterns are any indication, gross domestic product data will reflect a negative impact from the hurricane in the third quarter and the fourth quarter will look stronger. But gross domestic product does not paint an accurate picture of the economic damage from an event like Hurricane Harvey.

Houstonians will lose homes and cars. Insurance these days is paying for less and less. This will be a huge hit to household wealth not captured in the GDP statistics. The standard way to measure the economy through GDP doesn’t measure the stock of wealth that’s lost.

For example, many people will have to replace their damaged cars. When they buy a new one that shows up as stronger GDP, but that GDP number does not consider that the earlier car was destroyed. Travelers Insurance was the largest drag on the Dow today, with a 2.6 percent drop.

Early reports suggested many Houstonians don’t have flood insurance. So, while auto policies might cover submerged cars, homeowners’ policies will not cover submerged homes. There will be enormous uninsured losses. Harvey’s cost could mount to $30 billion when including the impact of relentless flooding on the labor force, power grid, transportation and other elements that support the region’s energy sector, Chuck Watson, a disaster modeler with Enki Research.

That would place it among the top eight hurricanes to ever strike the US.

David Havens, an insurance analyst at Imperial Capital, said the final tally might be as high as $100 billion. Less than a third of Harvey’s losses are likely to be insured. Typical insurance policies cover wind but not flooding, which often proves costlier.

In the Houston area, rainfall already has surpassed that of tropical storm Allison in 2001, which wreaked roughly $12 billion of damage in current dollars. In that case, only about $5 billion was covered by insurance. Most people with flood insurance buy policies backed by the federal government’s National Flood Insurance Program.

As of April, less than one-sixth of homes in Houston’s Harris County had federal coverage. The federal program itself is already struggling with $25 billion of debt. The existing program is set to expire on Sept. 30 and is up for review in Congress.

This is not the first hurricane to hit the Houston area. Go back just a few years and remember Rita and Ike. More people died evacuating than the damage caused by Hurricane Rita. For Harvey, no evacuation was called. This is just an example of the lessons learned and not learned by experience. And the lessons here are important.

Houston is a low-lying area, with clay soil that does not absorb water quickly, and as Houston has grown to the fourth largest city in the country, it has been paved over; so, when it rains, the water has nowhere to go. The big question is why the Gulf Coast area is not better prepared for these extreme weather events.

Across government, virtually the entire philosophy of disaster relief is to react after disaster strikes rather than help communities and residents to prepare in advance. This leaves Congress funding billions in disaster aid when an investment of millions ahead of time could have warded off the worst. And the problem is only likely to grow as a warmer climate brings more frequent and severe hurricanes, floods and droughts.

And although preventing damage is widely considered to be cheaper than mopping up after the fact, congressional accounting creates incentives to spend money exactly the opposite way: Disaster relief bills are generally considered emergency spending, and thus not counted toward the federal deficit, while proactive investment in planning and protection must be funded through the normal budget cycle, which makes it look like cuttable federal spending at budget time.

This morning, Texas Governor Greg Abbott activated the entire Texas National Guard of 12,000 people. FEMA said it deployed over 1 million meals, 1 million liters of water, and 1,800 staff members for the storm response.

If you are wondering how you can help, one of the best ways is to support the Red Cross by donating at redcross.org, or calling 1-800-RedCross, or texting HARVEY to 90999 to make a $10 donation.

This is Day One of the Amazon.com-Whole Foods merger. You can now buy an Amazon Dot or Echo at Whole Foods. And you might also notice that the food costs less – not cheap, just not as expensive. Amazon has demonstrated that it is willing to invest to dominate the categories that it decides to compete in. Food retailers of all sizes need to look hard at their pricing strategies.

Imagine being a tech company with so little profit that you could buy a grocery store and cut prices all while improving your margin. The other tech giants — Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft and Facebook — have operating margins for the latest quarter ranging from 23 percent to 47 percent. That’s the percentage of profit left after subtracting all the costs of goods sold as well as expenses for research and development, sales and marketing and administration.

Amazon’s operating margin for the second quarter was a paltry 1.7 percent. Whole Foods recorded operating profit of 4.8 percent. That means Jeff Bezos could cut Whole Foods margins in half and still have stronger margins than before.

Kite Pharmaceuticals shares surged 28% after Gilead Sciences agreed to buy the immunotherapy developer in a deal valued at $11.9 billion.

Tomorrow will be a challenge. Dow futures are about 100 points lower after Japan’s Prime Minister Shinzo Abe announced that North Korea fired a missile over Japan. The missile traveled more than 1600 miles Japan took no action to shoot down the projectile. Japanese broadcaster NHK reported that the North Korean missile broke into three pieces and fell into the sea. The U.S. Department of Defense said it is still assessing the missile launch.

NHK also reported that the Japanese government has convened an emergency meeting of its response team to collect and analyze information. The South Korean government has called for a national security council meeting.